Black Tea extract produced a concentration dependent enhancement of neuromuscular function in vitro. Failure of the extract to induce facilitation of contraction of the muscle devoid of neuronal connection, indicated a strong influence of Tea extract on synaptic transmission. Drug interaction studies pointed out the role of calcium in the facilitatory effect of Tea extract on muscle contraction (Das, Vedasiromoni, Chauhan, Ganguly 1994). Prior oral administration of Black Tea extract to rats for 7 days significantly reduced the incidence of gastric erosions and severity induced by various ulcerogens and cold stress. Tea extract also favourably altered the changes in acid and peptic activity of gastric juice in these ulcerogen-treated animals. Drug interaction studies suggest a major role of glutathione, an endogenous Antioxidant, in the cytoprotection against ulceration afforded by Black Tea extract (Maity, Vedasiromoni, Ganguly 1998). Both Black and Green Tea extracts were found to possess preventive as well as curative effects on streptozotocin-induced Diabetes in rats. While Black Tea was more effective as curative , Green Tea was more effective as a preventive agent. It was also found that Tea treated animals overcame more easily the toxic effect of streptozotocin. It is suggested that the Tea extracts possibly protect the B-cells of islets of Langerhans from the toxic effect of streptozotocin and also help regeneration of the damaged cells (Gomes, Vedasiromoni, Das, Sharma 1995) . The study has revealed a selective adsorption of Black Tea polyphenols by dental enamel. Theaflavin digallate and theaflavin gallates, polyphenolic constituents of Black Tea, are adsorbed maximally whereas adsorption of Catechins is lesser as compared to Theaflavins. Caffeine was found to be adsorbed negligibly. The adsorption of Theaflavins to dental enamel may play a prominent role in inhibition of plaque formation (Sarkar, Seth, Chaudhuri, Ganguly (2000) (Studies sponsored by Food and Agricultural Organisation) . Tea The anti-tumour effect of Tea was evaluated in the 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) induced solid Tumour model in mice. Tea extract favourably altered the changes in superoxide dismutase (a free radical scavenger) and the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in the sera of mice. It also showed anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenin-induced paw oedema in the rat (Das, Sur, Gomes, Vedasiromoni, Ganguly (2001). Tea and Tea Polyphenols also have a beneficial effect in changing the intestinal bacterial flora. Bacteria that are less favorable in maintaining a healthy intestinal physiology are partially suppressed by Tea, but the beneficial bacteria are favored, leading to a better bacterial system, that needs to be considered as an important metabolic function in health maintenance. Drug interaction (both in vivo and vitro) studies suggest a cholinergic involvement and a partial role of prostaglandin and nitric oxide in the pro-kinetic effect of Black Tea on gastrointestinal motility. Intestinal motility as well as gastric emptying were significantly reduced in rats treated with glutathione depleting agents. Prior oral administration of Black Tea extract for 7 days significantly increased the intestinal transit and gastric emptying with restoration of serum GSH level. Drug interaction studies provide evidence that nitric oxide may play a role in Black Tea mediated improvement of intestinal motility changes and gastric emptying induced by ulcerogen (Maity, Vedasiromoni, Chaudhury, Ganguly 2001).
| |||||||||